IAS Mathematics Main Syllabus

Mathematics
Paper-I
Section-A
· Linear Algebra
· Vector, space, linear dependance and independance, subspaces, bases, dimensions.
Finite dimensional vector spaces.
· Matrices, Cayley-Hamiliton theorem, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, matrix of linear
transformation, row and column reduction, Echelon form, eqivalence, congruences and
similarity, reduction to cannonical form, rank, orthogonal, symmetrical, skew symmetrical,
unitary, hermitian, skew-hermitian forms–their eigenvalues. Orthogonal and unitary
reduction of quadratic and hermitian forms, positive definite quardratic forms.
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· Calculus
· Real numbers, limits, continuity, differerentiability, mean-value theorems, Taylor's theorem
with remainders, indeterminate forms, maximas and minima, asymptotes. Functions of
several variables: continuity, differentiability, partial derivatives, maxima and minima,
Lagrange's method of multipliers, Jacobian. Riemann's definition of definite integrals,
indefinite integrals, infinite and improper intergrals, beta and gamma functions. Double and
triple integrals (evaluation techniques only). Areas, surface and volumes, centre of gravity.
· Analytic Geometry
· Cartesian and polar coordinates in two and three dimesnions, second degree equations in
two and three dimensions, reduction to cannonical forms, straight lines, shortest distance
between two skew lines, plane, sphere, cone, cylinder., paraboloid, ellipsoid, hyperboloid
of one and two sheets and their properties.
Section-B
· Ordinary Differential Equations
· Formulation of differential equations, order and degree, equations of first order and first
degree, integrating factor, equations of first order but not of first degree, Clariaut's
equation, singular solution.
· Higher order linear equations, with constant coefficients, complementary function and
particular integral, general solution, Euler-Cauchy equation.
· Second order linear equations with variable coefficients, determination of complete
solution when one solution is known, method of variation of parameters.
· Dynamics, Statics and Hydrostatics
· Degree of freedom and constraints, rectilinerar motion, simple harmonic motion, motion in
a plane, projectiles, constrained motion, work and energy, conservation of energy, motion
under impulsive forces, Kepler's laws, orbits under central forces, motion of varying mass,
motion under resistance.
· Equilibrium of a system of particles, work and potential energy, friction, common catenary,
principle of virtual work, stability of equilibrium, equilibrium of forces in three dimensions.
· Pressure of heavy fluids, equilibrium of fluids under given system of forces Bernoulli's
equation, centre of pressure, thrust on curved surfaces, equilibrium of floating bodies,
stability of equilibrium, metacentre, pressure of gases.
· Vector Analysis
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· Scalar and vector fields, triple, products, differentiation of vector function of a scalar
variable, Gradient, divergence and curl in cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates
and their physical interpretations. Higher order derivatives, vector identities and vector
quations.
· Application to Geometry: Curves in space, curvature and torision. Serret-Frenet's formulae,
Gauss and Stokes' theorems, Green's identities.
Paper-II
Section-A
· Algebra
· Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, homomorphism of groups quotient groups basic
isomorophism theorems, Sylow's group, permutation groups, Cayley theorem. Rings and
ideals, principal ideal domains, unique factorization domains and Euclidean domains. Field
extensions, finite fields.
· Real Analysis
· Real number system, ordered sets, bounds, ordered field, real number system as an
ordered field with least upper bound property, cauchy sequence, completeness, Continuity
and uniform continuity of functions, properties of continuous functions on compact sets.
Riemann integral, improper integrals, absolute and conditional convergence of series of
real and complex terms, rearrangement of series. Uniform convergence, continuity,
differentiability and integrability for sequences and series of functions. Differentiation of
fuctions of several variables, change in the order of partial derivatives, implict function
theorem, maxima and minima. Multiple integrals.
· Complex Analysis : Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Cauchy's theorem,
Cauchy's integral formula, power series, Taylor's series, Laurent's Series, Singularities,
Cauchy's residue theorem, contour integration. Conformal mapping, bilinear
transformations.
· Linear Programming
· Linear programming problems, basic solution, basic feasible solution and optimal solution,
graphical method and Simplex method of solutions. Duality.
· Transportation and assignment problems. Travelling salesman problmes.
Section-B
· Partial differential equations
· Curves and surfaces in three dimesnions, formulation of partial differential equations,
solutions of equations of type dx/p=dy/q=dz/r; orthogonal trajectories, pfaffian differential
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equations; partial differential equations of the first order, solution by Cauchy's method of
characteristics; Charpit's method of solutions, linear partial differential equations of the
second order with constant coefficients, equations of vibrating string, heat equation,
laplace equation.
· Numerical Analysis and Computer programming
· Numerical methods: Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations of one variable by
bisection, Regula-Falsi and Newton-Raphson methods, solution of system of linear
equations by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan (direct) methods, Gauss-
Seidel(iterative) method. Newton's (Forward and backward) and Lagrange's method of
interpolation.
· Numerical integration: Simpson's one-third rule, tranpezodial rule, Gaussian quardrature
formula.
· Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations: Euler and Runge Kutta-methods.
· Computer Programming: Storage of numbers in Computers, bits, bytes and words,
binary system. arithmetic and logical operations on numbers. Bitwise operations. AND, OR
, XOR, NOT, and shift/rotate operators. Octal and Hexadecimal Systems. Conversion to
and form decimal Systems.
· Representation of unsigned integers, signed integers and reals, double precision reals and
long integrers.
· Algorithms and flow charts for solving numerical analysis problems.
· Developing simple programs in Basic for problems involving techniques covered in the
numerical analysis.
· Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics
· Generalised coordinates, constraints, holonomic and non-holonomic , systems. D'
Alembert's principle and Lagrange' equations, Hamilton equations, moment of intertia,
motion of rigid bodies in two dimensions.
· Equation of continuity, Euler's equation of motion for inviscid flow, stream-lines, path of a
particle, potential flow, two-dimensional and axisymetric motion, sources and sinks, vortex
motion, flow past a cylinder and a sphere, method of images. Navier-Stokes equation for a
viscous fluid.